It enhances the number of fibroblasts and elevates the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which supports the formation of new blood vessels. Moreover, it diminishes the secretion of transforming growth factor-beta1 in fibroblasts, a crucial process in counteracting the adverse effects of DHT. This, in turn, results in reduced oxidative stress and stimulates hair growth through dermal papilla cells. Oxidative stress is responsible for triggering escalated DHT production in scalp follicles, yet the copper complex inhibits this stress by amplifying the production of SOD (Superoxide dismutase), which neutralizes potent free radicals like.